Hydrogen refuelling station calibration with a traceable gravimetric standard

R. Maury, C. Auclercq, C. Devilliers

Abstract

Of all alternatives to gasoline fuels, hydrogen offers the greatest long-term potential to radically reduce many problems inherent in transportation fuel use. Hydrogen vehicles have zero tailpipe emissions and are very efficient. If it is made from renewable sources, nuclear power, or fossil sources with carbon emissions captured and sequestered, hydrogen use on a global scale could produce nearly zero greenhouse gas emissions and greatly reduce emissions of air pollutants.The aim of this work is to realise a traceability chain for hydrogen flow metering in the range typical for fuelling application in a wide pressure range with pressures up to 875 bar (for Hydrogen Refuelling Station HRS with Nominal Working Pressure of 700 bar) and temperature changes from - 40 °C (pre-cooling) to 85 °C (maximum allowed vehicle tank temperature) in accordance with the worldwide accepted standard SAE J2601.Several HRS have been tested in Europe (France, Netherlands and Germany) and the results show a good repeatability for all tests. This demonstrates that the testing equipment works well in real conditions. Depending on the configuration of installation, some systematic errors have been detected and explained. Errors observed for the stations of Configuration 1 can be explained by the difference of pressure, at beginning and end of the fueling, in the piping between the CFM and the dispenser: the longer the distance, the bigger the errors. For Configuration 2, as this distance is very short, the error is negligible.

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IMEKO TC

TC9 - Flow Measurement

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