Multi-scale non-invasive techniques for assessing instability conditions: examples from the Val di Cornia parks system (Tuscany, Italy)

Tommaso Beni, Silvia Guideri, Debora Brocchini, Marta Coccoluto, Diletta Borselli, Lorenzo Bonechi, Sandro Gonzi, Irene Centauro, Anna Palamidessi, Vitaliano Ciulli, Raffaello D’Alessandro, Giovanni Gigli, Deodato Tapete, Veronica Tofani, Silvia Bianchini

Abstract

This work aims to demonstrate how integrating multi-scale, non-invasive techniques can support early detection and risk mitigation in complex heritage landscapes, such as the Val di Cornia parks system in southern Tuscany (Italy). Here, multitemporal satellite InSAR data were used to measure surface deformations with millimetric accuracy over a wide area in a recent time span. At local/hypogean scale, muon imaging (muography) was applied inside the Temperino mine gallery, in the Archaeological and Mining Park of San Silvestro, alongside close-range geomatic and geological surveys to detect subsurface density anomalies for preliminary assessment of potential rock mass instability phenomena. InSAR data on the Acropolis and Necropolis areas of the Baratti and Populonia Archaeological Park show mostly linear and stable trends. Site-specific muography measurement campaign combined with digital photogrammetry and LiDAR systems at the Temperino mine revealed no significant stability issues in the analysed gallery sections.

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IMEKO-Metroarchaeo-2025-057.pdf

DOI

10.21014/tc26-2025.057

IMEKO TC

TC26 - Metrology for Cultural Heritage

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