Spectroscopic and Micro-Elemental Analysis of some 20th-Century Paintings: Identifying Diagnostic Pigments

Andrea Bergomi, Valeria Comite, Chiara Andrea Lombardi, Mattia Borelli, Giulia Galli, Gianluca Carabelli, Antonino Fiorentino, Paola Fermo

Abstract

This study addresses the challenges of authenticating early 20th-century paintings, a period marked by the introduction of new artistic materials and techniques. Non-destructive and micro-destructive analytical methods were employed to identify possible forgeries, including Raman Spectroscopy, Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy, and SEM-EDX, by analyzing the molecular and elemental composition of artworks. These techniques helped to determine whether the materials used were consistent with those historically available. The results of some investigations highlighted the presence of phthalocyanine pigments, commercially introduced only after the 1930s, casting doubt on the authenticity of the artworks. In contrast, other paintings contained materials typical of the early 20th century, suggesting their authenticity. Overall, the study underscores the importance of an integrated scientific approach in combating art forgery, particularly in modern and contemporary works.

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IMEKO-Metroarchaeo-2025-121.pdf

DOI

10.21014/tc26-2025.121

IMEKO TC

TC26 - Metrology for Cultural Heritage

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