During the past decade a research test facility for the measurement of gas flow rates with a relative uncertainty of 0,1 % has been set up based on the laser Doppler technique. This facility has been used as an optical primary standard for gas under atmospheric pressure and flow rates up to 6500 m³/h. To measure flow rates for gas under high pressure directly and in a single step without staggered arrangements of several flow meters the laser Doppler technique has been applied to set up a new optical primary single-step standard for natural gas under high pressure.
On the basis of brief introduction of the West-East Pipeline Project (WEPP), this paper describes the integrated technical solutions of the natural gas fiscal measurements used in WEPP in detail, which include the metering process design, the selection of flow meters and the associated instruments, the initial calibration of the flow meters, and the construction of natural gas flow standard facilities with high pressure and large capacity. The ultrasonic meters and turbine meters are selected, and the skid-mounted complete metering system is provided in each fiscal measurement station. The...
This paper described current gas flow value dissemination system and its feature in China. The paper introduced some researching project and quantities unifying work. At the end, it did prospect about research direction in near future.
Flow meters delivering inaccurate data is an economical and costumer relation concern in most areas of application where flow meters are key components for billing. Solution to this have so far been improved standards and schemes to implement and maintain such standards for the life time of the flow meter. In contradiction to quality standard comes the flow meter self-diagnostic solution. Here the flow meter it self is capable of diagnosing the magnitude of its own metering error. It can then issue an alarm or even better impose corrections thus reducing the metering accuracy to an...
The paper describes the testing of the Wafer V-Cone Meters in accordance with the new API 5.7 "Testing Protocol for Differential Pressure Flow Measurement Devices" in the Colorado Test Facility. This paper will report on the use of this new API standard and some of the points which had to be addressed in order to implement the standard. The results of the testing 2" and 4" Wafer V-Cone meters in water and in gas will be presented. The non-standard testing requirements in the standard will provide evidence of the conditioning effect of the V-Cone as it meters the fluid. The conclusions...
As ultrasonic meters have replaced traditional measurement technologies for the past ten years, the applications have become more demanding. One of the most challenging problems for designers to overcome has been the operation of these meters near large noise sources such as control valves, regulators and -to some extend- also flow conditioners. Being at the forefront of technology both manufacturers and users have taken their part of the problems, but have overcome most of them by sharing their experiences. Now, after gaining more than ten years of operational experiences with thousands of...
The role of flow measurement is already very important for trading of high pressure natural gas and liquid hydrocarbon. Various new technologies are developed for these flow measurements, such as accurate and reliable ultrasonic flowmeter and Coriolis flowmeter using sophisticated computer software. However, present research and development for environment and energy technology requires flow measurement in very different conditions and it is becoming more difficult and important to meet these requirements. In this presentation, development of flow measurements for exhaust gas from vehicles...
The paper describes the backgrounds of the harmonized reference values for the cubic meter of Natural Gas which are in use in Germany and The Netherlands since November 1st 1999. The harmonization process has been finalized on May 4, 2004 due to the incorporation of the French BNM to the harmonized reference value. The outcome was named: "Harmonized European Natural Gas Cubic Meter" as realized by three independent National Metrology Institutes. The prerequisites of the harmonization process, underlying procedures, results obtained so far and the mutual benefits will be pointed out as well...
After many years of discussion ISO 5167:2003 was published with several new features: it is divided into 4 parts; it has a new expansibility equation for orifice plates; the straight lengths required upstream of orifice plates and of Venturi tubes have been revised; a compliance test for flow conditioners is included, which leads to significant reductions in upstream straight length; an isenthalpic temperature correction between the downstream temperature measurement and the required upstream temperature is included; permissible steps in the upstream pipe diameter have been increased; and...
In recent years rapid advances in Nano Technology have provided a variety of nano products in different applications. One area of research is focused of the possible use of nano particles as a basic element of electronic devices. This paper is an attempt to look on nanotechnology for electronics as the revolutionary technology. For example nanotechnology for electronics is to be viewed as the technology that picks up where traditional MOSFET (Metal oxide semi conductor field effect transistor) scaling stops. SILICON – BASED integrated circuits have experienced phenomenal growth since the...