Davide Astolfi, Silvia Iuliano, Antony Vasile, Alessandro Canali, Marco Pasetti, Francesco Castellani, Alfredo Vaccaro
One of the most important root causes of non-optimal efficiency in the conversion of wind kinetic energy into electricity is represented by static errors affecting wind turbines. These can simply involve sensors (like the anemometers) or might deal with the set up of the rotor (as when the three blades do not have the same pitch reference). Based on such premise, in this work, a comprehensive framework is proposed for diagnosing static errors affecting wind turbine performance, based on SCADA data analysis. The three types of considered static errors are: static yaw error; absolute or...
TC6 M4Dconf2025
· TC6
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc6-2025.046
· Download
Chiara Franzoni, Antony Vasile, Davide Astolfi, Dmitrii Vasenin, Alessandro Musatti, Marco Pasetti, Stefano Rinaldi
In the latest years, the concept of smart charging has emerged as a necessity for the optimal management of power grids with high penetration of electric vehicles and renewable power generation. Based on this, the aim of the present work is filling a gap in the literature about the metrological characterization of electric vehicles connected at the charging station. In particular, a Charging Point Management System based on the Open Charge Point Protocol is developed and then integrated into an ICT system to support the charging of electric vehicles via wallboxes installed at the University...
TC6 M4Dconf2025
· TC6
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc6-2025.045
· Download
Théo Chacou Bertoldi, Viktoriya Mostova, Silvia Iuliano, Alfredo Vaccaro
In modern power systems the replacement of large synchronous generators with distributed inverter-based resources is lowering the power system inertia, making electrical grids more vulnerable to dynamic perturbations. For this purpose the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity promoted the enhancement of the grid operation tools with specific functions for on-line estimation of the power system inertia, which are extremely useful in detecting critical thresholds and triggering proper mitigation strategies. For this purpose, the development of reliable frequency...
TC6 M4Dconf2025
· TC6
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc6-2025.044
· Download
Ryan White, Julia Neumann, Jean-Laurent Hippolyte, Blair Hall, Thiago Menegotto
This paper proposes to use provenance information to describe processes in metrology. The PROV data model is used as an example to showcase a conceptual analysis about how to improve quality, reliability, and overall interoperability within cross-domain applications that are based on metrological timeline data. The conceptual analysis will be used as a foundation for further contributions to the topic of improving metrological traceability with provenance data models.
TC6 M4Dconf2025
· TC6
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc6-2025.043
· Download
Blair Hall
Digital transformation in metrology will entail digitalisation of work practices in national metrology institutes (NMIs). This article argues that communities of practice (CoPs)—informal social structures—play a key role in how NMIs operate, making their dynamics a critical consideration in managing digitalisation. NMI work is empirical in nature, and the knowledge required to perform measurements at the highest level is embedded in practice-based forms within CoPs. However, digitalisation necessitates the development of abstract representations of processes and information. Moreover,...
TC6 M4Dconf2025
· TC6
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc6-2025.042
· Download
Anjali Sharma, Niharika Bhatia
Digitalization in metrology is not merely substituting manual processes with software but also incorporating the tactical knowledge of experts into digital systems. This use case explores the application of structured knowledge elicitation methods—such as unified modeling language (UML) diagrams, decision trees, and iterative feedback loops—to formally elicit the tacit knowledge of metrologists and integrate it into a digital system. For example, a calibration certificate typically records the measured value of an instrument, its associated uncertainty, and the date of calibration. These...
TC6 M4Dconf2025
· TC6
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc6-2025.041
· Download
Diego Coppa, Blair Hall, Anjali Sharma
An architectural approach has been explored as a means to describe a system for managing a metrological process known as a hybrid comparison. This top-down approach, based on the international standard for architectural description—ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010—focuses on stakeholder concerns and contrasts with the more common bottom-up development of tools, services, and file formats typically seen in the metrology community. By clearly separating stakeholder concerns, the approach also reveals structural relationships with other external metrological systems. This exploratory study suggests that the...
TC6 M4Dconf2025
· TC6
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc6-2025.040
· Download
Christian Klaus, Ricardo Soruco Aloisio, Claudia Koch, Matthias Prellwitz
This paper presents digital quality infrastructure methods for hydrogen refueling stations using the Asset Administration Shell as a standardized digital twin. Implemented at BAM’s test platform, it integrates real-time sensor data, calibration certificates, and compliance documents to support traceable, interoperable asset management. In combination with AI and semantic tools, the system will enable predictive maintenance, remote audits, and improved safety. This approach reduces downtime, enhances transparency, and offers a scalable model demonstrating the potential of digital twins in...
TC6 M4Dconf2025
· TC6
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc6-2025.039
· Download
Marcel van Dijk, Walter Knulst, Devrim Nalbantoglu, Gertjan Kok
Virtual experiments and digital twins are virtual representations of simulation processes and can aid in crucial tasks, such as interpreting measurement data or evaluating uncertainties. Therefore, virtual experiments and digital twins are essential components in the digital transformation in metrology. However, it is important that the digital model is properly validated, to make sure its output is reliable. This research shows how to validate a virtual coordinate measurement machine (CMM) by means of reference measurements. The output of the digital model is compared to reference...
TC6 M4Dconf2025
· TC6
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc6-2025.038
· Download
Józef Wiora, Alicja Wiora, Faisal Saleem
Recent review articles highlight an exponential rise in publications on Digital Twin (DT) technology. Despite its recognised potential, DTs have yet to achieve widespread practical use. Following a presentation of the state of the art and an original conceptual diagram illustrating the technology, this work presents the key factors contributing to the gap between conception and implementation. Using experimental data from a laboratory water system and a reliability-based perspective, this analysis examines the practical limitations of DT application. The findings indicate that broader use of...
TC6 M4Dconf2025
· TC6
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc6-2025.037
· Download