The paper deals with a new approach to the measurement systems design. It contains the review of selected new problems of contemporary metrology related with the design. Main attention of the paper has been concentrated around possibilities of formalisation, development of mathematical apparatus and optimisation of a design of optimal analogue-digital, intelligent measuring systems (MS). The task of the discussed approach is analytical support for system-level decisions at the most responsible initial stages of MS design. Its takes into account all available prior information about objects,...
Over the last years, standard network protocols and technologies have become very popular basis for distributed measurement system design. This paper describes a set of distributed measurement experiments designed with the use of selected network technologies. The performed test results give us an opportunity to compare these technologies and consider how particular technology affects the distributed experiment performance. We also discuss some important factors that influence performance. Finally, we give some advice for developers that we hope will help them to choose the best design...
The paper shows the contents, application and way of using the specialised Toolbox for the SIMULINK language, which is designed for modelling and simulating measuring systems. This toolbox contains 22 models of measuring system elements and the block descriptions are accessible in Polish and English.
An extension of the formal PSIQ-model of measurement procedure is proposed in order to have possibility to describe algorithms of measurement result correction in the ratio scale. An example of application of the model proposed to synthesis of a speedy correction method is given.
The duration of the measurement is most important in metrology apart from measurement accuracy. Testing systems are used to speed up the object’s verification. It is needed to know the dynamic characteristics of the object to propose optimal operation algorithm of testing systems. In the paper, the response measurement results of the thermoregulator to the step input function, using the method of the direct measure and the trapezoids method. are described and compared.
The paper presents a systematic design of fault-tolerant measurement systems for linear time-invariant processes. The discussed methods utilize analytic redundancy of the underlying process. Two multivariable linear model types (PCA for static and ARX for dynamic modeling) are considered. Both model types can be directly identified from the measured process data. Analysis of the primary and structured residuals enables very sensitive detection, isolation, and identification of single and multiple sensor and actuator faults. The fault diagnosis is conducted via analysis of the identified...
An established robust recursive algorithm for the identification of periodic signals is further developed. Contemporary algorithms for recursive harmonic estimates are restricted in that, once a harmonic value is estimated after one cycle, no further improvement is attained. It is demonstrated that higher order algorithms offer data for the assiduous improvement to the calculated harmonic evaluation. Second and third order improvements to the algorithm are presented. Data smoothing of the recursive frequency analysis estimates allows marked convergence to the authentic value. The enhanced...
Classical Taxonomy is the reservoir of methods and techniques used in the life sciences to bring scientific order to the grouping of living things. Although the orders or problems of Taxonomy were not clearly described until the late 19th century the methods used can be traced back to the time of Plato and Aristotle. This paper commences by introducing the main ideas associated with classical taxonomy. A brief overview of the classification of the sciences is given. Subsequently, classification principles are used to show that Instrumentation and Measurement Technology is a sub-science of...
At the application level, it is important to be able to define around the measurement result an interval which will contain an important part of the distribution of the measured values, that is, a confidence interval. When the sensor uncertainty is represented by a probability distribution, the confidence intervals can be easily deduced from it. But when the probability distribution cannot be identified due to poor sensor information, a more generalised representation must be used. To obtain confidence intervals in such a situation, available probabilistic methods are essentially the...
In this paper the concept of virtual system, using graphical environment, designed for approving parameters of microprocessor measurement instruments was presented. The exemplary structure of virtual examining station used for research of metrological features of multifunction instrument for measurement of ship power engineering system parameters was discussed. The selected research results were shown. The automated algorithm of instrument metrological accuracy assessment was presented. The example illustrating the way of formulating of newly-designed measurement instruments research program...