A. Iwai, T. Funaki
The National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ) maintains high air speed standard and its calibration facility is capable of a relative expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of 0.63 % in the air speed range 40 m/s to 90 m/s. The model equation for measurement uncertainty in the high air speed calibration wind tunnel, which is the working standard, employs a method that cancels out the density term of the fluid. This is due to the fact that the density on the wind tunnel and DUT side is considered to be the same, i.e., the air speed values on the wind tunnel and DUT side are based on the same...
FLOMEKO 2022
· TC9
· 2022
· 10.21014/tc9-2022.057
· Download
Yang You-Tao, Chen Hai-Lin, Liu Kai
By reviewing the development of gas meter, the application prospect of ultrasonic gas meter is forecasted, the key technology and research and development difficulties of ultrasonic flow sensor, as well as the key application technology problems to be solved are discussed.The paper focuses on the design and selection of timing scheme of flow sensor, design of flow field characteristics of flow channel of flow sensor, electro-acoustic performance of flow sensor, linearity and repeatability of gas flow sensor. Through the exchange of theoretical research and practical application experience,...
FLOMEKO 2022
· TC9
· 2022
· 10.21014/tc9-2022.056
· Download
Nguyen Ngoc Hai, Nguyen Xuan Thai, Phan Lac Tuan, Duong Hong Son
Currently many National Metrology Institute (NMIs) as well as advanced calibration laboratories are using piston gas flow standards with mercury sealing method for gas flow calibration in the low pressure range. The flow in the small range is about cc/min. In this work, the low pressure gas flow calibration system at VMI is presented, designed and manufactured by the Taiwan National Metrology Institute, CMS/ITRI. The flow range is within (0.002 - 24) L/min. The uncertainty of the reference system is assessed against the ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 document, Uncertainty is evaluated from...
FLOMEKO 2022
· TC9
· 2022
· 10.21014/tc9-2022.055
· Download
W. Kang, S. Im, N. D. Trang, J. Shin, Y-M Choi
The fossil carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels and energy generators prevail over total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Therefore, accurately estimating GHG emissions from stationary sources such as coal-fired power plants is also one of the efforts to mitigate the global rise in emissions. The GHG volumetric flow rates in stacks are measured mostly with the S-type Pitot tubes in Korea. But the S-type Pitot tube introduces error when it is operated under the presence of non-axial flows in stacks. In contrast, the three-dimensional (3D) Pitot tubes, which can...
FLOMEKO 2022
· TC9
· 2022
· 10.21014/tc9-2022.054
· Download
Ping Chen, Mei Chen, Miyue Zhao
To solve the hard problem of large diameter Pitot Pipe flow meter source tracing and parameter obtaining, we propose the similarity principle, which means making one (set) model that has same geometric structure but scaling down of the actual applied flow meter (prototype for short). We calibrate the model with gas flow standard facility, determine the mathematical formula and characteristic parameters of flow calculation, then applied on prototype. Base on DN4000 pipe air flow rate measurement project, we design a differential pressure flow meter based on the principle of Pitot static tubes...
FLOMEKO 2022
· TC9
· 2022
· 10.21014/tc9-2022.053
· Download
J. Geršl, J. Sluše
In this paper we show that velocity indication of a vane anemometer in a wind tunnel can significantly and non-trivially depend on length of the part of the anemometer’s mounting rod which is exposed to flow – the so-called insertion depth. The insertion depth dependencies for four vane anemometers with various dimensions are presented. For a small size vane anemometer with a propeller diameter of 22 mm, for example, a change of the insertion depth by 10 cm can cause a reading variation by up to 5 % - a value which is an order of magnitude larger than a typical expanded uncertainty of...
FLOMEKO 2022
· TC9
· 2022
· 10.21014/tc9-2022.052
· Download
S. Dixon, D. Greenshields, Z. Li, R. Burton, T. Burton, L. D. Smith
A new, miniature design of a clamp-on ultrasonic transit-time difference flow meter for use in liquids is presented, with particular application to small diameter, thin walled metal pipes, opening up new areas of application, including smart water metering. The particular embodiment of the hardware is low cost and can be installed by unskilled users, and uses a type of guided wave mode that is significantly different to previous examples of clamp-on flowmeters that have used a leaky guided wave in the pipe to generate compression waves in the liquid. In the example presented in this paper,...
FLOMEKO 2022
· TC9
· 2022
· 10.21014/tc9-2022.051
· Download
Yumeng Zhang, Ying Xu, Chao Yuan, Tao Li, Huimin Ma, Cenwei Sun, Yunhao Wen
Flow measurement plays an important role in the modern engineering field. And flow rate is one of the mostimportant parameter in this process. One traditional method of deriving flow rate is measuring the pressure difference (DP) along the pipe while the concerned fluid flowing through a DP instrument, such as Venturi meter. This DP instrument is among the most widely used flow measurement instruments, available inplumbing, energy transport pipeline, petroleum chemical industries, etc.In this research, a non-standard Venturi structure is proposed to satisfy the measurement demand of the...
FLOMEKO 2022
· TC9
· 2022
· 10.21014/tc9-2022.050
· Download
Rongji Zuo, Ying Xu, Chao Yuan, Tao Li, Chuanshun Wei, Linfei Cao, Ye Liu
Water cut is one of the key parameters in the process of oil and gas production. In the present study, wepropose a microwave resonant cavity sensor(MRCS) which can work in both TM010 and TM110 modes, andestablished a water cut measurement of vertical upward oil–water two-phase flow in the range of 0-100 %. The response characteristics of the two resonant modes to water cut are analyzed by the coupling simulation offlow field and electromagnetic field using COMSOL finite element simulation software. A flow experimentisconducted with the designed MRCS measurement system. The sensitivity of the...
FLOMEKO 2022
· TC9
· 2022
· 10.21014/tc9-2022.049
· Download
Huimin Ma, Ying Xu, Chao Yuan, Tao Li, Cenwei Sun, Yumeng Zhang, Nianrong Wang
In the natural gas industry, measuring void fraction with high accuracy is challenging, because the flow pattern of gas-flow is complicated and changeable. This research presents a microwave sensor to measure void fraction of gas-water flow based on the microwave transmission line method. The sensor contains horizontal and vertical electrodes resulting in a spatial orthogonal transmission line combination structure, so that the gas-water flow regime can be detected and its influence on the measurement can be accounted for. The electromagnetic fields inside the sensor for stratified and...
FLOMEKO 2022
· TC9
· 2022
· 10.21014/tc9-2022.048
· Download