Lorenzo Pistorino, Francesco Caridi, Giuseppe Paladini, Pasquale Faenza, Domenico Majolino, Valentina Venuti
In this study, a multi-technique analytical approach involving X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy and Micro-Raman Scattering (MRS) was applied to investigate the mural paintings of the Santa Maria Gratia Plena Church, integrated into the medieval fortress of Bruzzano Vetere (Calabria, Italy). The study was aimed at assessing, on one hand, the composition of the pigmenting agents and raw materials used for the realization of the investigated artworks and, on the other hand, at evaluating the degradation processes affecting the painted surfaces and any possible undocumented restoration...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.025
· Download
Giuseppe Paladini, Francesco Caridi, Domenico Majolino, Gabriele Lando, Paola Cardiano, Valentina Venuti
We report here a multi-technique study by Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and μ-Raman spectroscopy aimed at the molecular characterization of three mortar fragments from the theatre of the archaeological area of Tindari (Sicily, Italy). The assessment of the main mineralogical phases allowed us to recognize ancient raw materials and modern compounds, obtaining useful information, other than relative to the manufacturing process, in view of future restorations to be planned.
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.024
· Download
Marco Sfacteria, Stefania Tuccinardi, Marta Venuti
The ancient theatre of Tindari, located in the southeastern sector of the ancient city, is adapted to a particularly narrow and steep hillside morphology, which necessitated hybrid construction solutions. This study aims to clarify the construction techniques, structural adaptations, and subsequent transformations of the koilon, addressing the gap in understanding the functional and structural role of the theatre’s earth-retaining and annular corridor. To achieve this, archaeometric analyses of mortars are combined with geomorphological assessment. The cavea, partially carved into the...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.023
· Download
Alessandro De Rosa, Marco Morelli, Marco Masi, Alessio Cimmino, Andrea Carpentieri, Gaia Marzia Silvestre, Antonino Pollio, Paola Cennamo
Biodeterioration caused by microorganisms is among the most pressing challenges in the conservation of outdoor stone heritage. In the search for sustainable solutions, the application of plant-extracted bioactive compounds has been gaining increasing attention. This study investigates the biocidal potential of extracts from Dittrichia viscosa, a ruderal Mediterranean plant rich in antibiotic and allelopathic compounds. Crude extracts were obtained using solvents of increasing polarity and characterized via NMR and GC-MS to identify major bioactive constituents. Four sesquiterpenoids—α-costic...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.022
· Download
Giuseppe Paladini, Francesco Caridi, Domenico Majolino, Lorenzo Pistorino, Paola Cardiano, Alessandra De Caro, Gloria Bonanno, Arcangela Valenti, Enza Anna Passerini, Giuseppe Sampino, Valentina Venuti
In this paper, a combined approach involving X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in Attenuated Total Reflectance geometry (FTIR-ATR), was employed to characterize, both at elemental and molecular scales, the raw materials and pigmenting agents used for the realization/decoration of a 17th-century illuminated parchment belonging to the S. Maria di Montalto Church (Messina, Italy). In particular, the analysis of both blank and decorated areas allowed for the identification of original materials and later additions, as well...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.021
· Download
Bianca Irene Carnesale, Giacomo Biondi, Mario Colella, Federica Giacobello, Letizia Bonizzoni
This study presents the analysis of two Centuripe lekanides currently held in two northern Italian museum collections, both lacking a documented archaeological context. The investigation, planned in the frame of the exhibition “Color and Mystery” at the Archaeological Museum of Milan, aimed to verify the authenticity of the artifacts through the integration of non-invasive diagnostic techniques, particularly X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and multispectral imaging. XRF analysis enabled the identification of chemical elements in the decorative pigments, allowing hypotheses on the nature of some...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.020
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Islam Shaheen, Nagmeldeen Hamza, Mohamed Ragab
This research integrates advanced imaging technologies to enhance the documentation and analysis of polychrome cultural artifacts. By combining Multispectral Imaging (MSI) and Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI), it introduces innovative, non-invasive methods for examining pigments, surface details, and hidden features. The study focuses on objects from the Grand Egyptian Museum, including 21st Dynasty cartonnage and a Late Period polychrome coffin lid. MSI enables pigment mapping and the identification of materials such as Egyptian blue and wax, while RTI captures fine surface...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.019
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Antonio Faggiano, Sara Carbone, Chiara Gallo, Oriana Motta, Carmine Napoli, Eduardo Caliano, Antonino Fiorentino, Enza Cobalto, Maria Ricciardi, Antonio Proto
In the field of cultural heritage, the use of non-invasive techniques is fundamental for assessing the state of conservation of works of art and identifying the correct strategies for their preservation. The present study regards a preliminary investigation of the painting “Cristo in Trono” (Amalfi, SA, Italy). Non-invasive and portable analytical techniques, such as X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), infrared reflectography (IR-R) and ultraviolet fluorescence (UVF) were used. The XRF measurements revealed the use of some precious pigments such as lapis lazuli and cinnabar, whereas IR-R...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.018
· Download
Margherita Giuffrè, Francesco Fazzio
This contribution aims to discuss about the role of urban planning for the recovery of the urban historical heritage, summarizing a research in progress concerning the reconstruction process after the Central Italy 2016 earthquake. A synthetic comparison between recent Italian earthquakes is presented, analysing weakness and strength of different strategies for historic centres recovery. Several tools and consolidated knowledge are available, but at the same time the attention paid to a tighter integration between safety and conservation of built heritage seems to be not so developed yet. A...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.017
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Gianmarco Pireneo, Francesco Fabbrocino, Carlo Olivieri, Andrea Miano, Hamidreza Alavi
In recent years, Digital Twins (DTs) have emerged as a key element in the digitalization of railway infrastructure. This review article analyzes the main enabling technologies, operational challenges, and applications of DTs in the railway sector. The integration of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) surveys, deep learning algorithms, Building Information Modelling (BIM) models, IoT sensors, and collaborative platforms enables the creation of dynamic digital twins, useful for monitoring, predictive maintenance, and optimization. However, critical issues remain, including the quality of...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.016
· Download