Roberta Santarelli, Alessandra Ten, Luca Bianchini Ciampoli, Andrea Benedetto, Fabio Tosti
This study presents an integrated methodological approach for investigating the collapsed vaulted structures of the Circus of Maxentius in Rome, combining non-destructive geophysical diagnostics with advanced digital survey techniques. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR), using dual frequency ground-coupled antennas (200/600 MHz), was employed to detect subsurface anomalies related to the collapse of the vault that once covered the ambulacrum beneath the cavea. The GPR data revealed distinct reflections, interpreted as the intrados of dislocated vault segments, which were cross-validated through...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.015
· Download
Pietro Meriggi, Antonio Napolitano, Alessio Pasquali, Luca Bianchini Ciampoli
Originally designed for new buildings, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is increasingly being adapted to existing constructions with a focus on the ‘as-built’. Heritage-BIM (H-BIM) addresses the complex reality of historic structures, characterised by irregular geometries, morphological defects, crack patterns and different materials, as well as fragmented documentation. However, there is a lack of standards and tools tailored for heritage conservation to equip H-BIM models with the typical characteristics of historic structures, exploiting the advantages of BIM in building heritage...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.014
· Download
Florin Cristinel Stan, Stefano De Santis, Sara Fares, Gianmarco de Felice
The study presents the structural analysis of the remaining portion of the wall of the diaconia attached to the Church of the Propylaea in Jerash (Jordan), dating back to the 6th century AD. A 3D Distinct Element Modelling (DEM) approach was used with 3DEC software. A photogrammetric survey provided a dense three-dimensional point cloud, which was subsequently optimised for geometric modelling. The 3D DEM model, consisting of rigid blocks and nonlinear contacts, was generated using a parametric script in Grasshopper and imported into 3DEC for numerical analysis. The physical-mechanical...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.013
· Download
Nagmeldeen Morshed Hamza, Islam Shaheen
The research enhancing the use of digital technology, imaging techniques in studying, documenting, archiving, digitizing, and preserving manuscripts collection. The evaluation and improvement for the study of manuscripts by integrating both classical methods of codicological research and advanced digital technologies, introducing new approaches to collection preservation and examination. The manuscripts contained significant watermarks giving more information about different European papermills especially Italian papermills and addressing the challenge of writing Islamic texts on European...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.012
· Download
Paola Fenelli, Alessandro De Rosa, Paola Cennamo, Giorgio Trojsi, Massimo Rippa, Enrico Gallocchio
This study focuses on the diagnostic investigation and conservation of four fistulae aquariae from the submerged archaeological site of Baiae. A multi-analytical approach was adopted to guide restoration strategies. Digital microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, and XRF analysis provided insights into material composition, protective coatings, and corrosion processes. IRT imaging identified structural anomalies, while DNA metabarcoding revealed microbial colonization by bacteria (e.g., Micrococcus, Citricoccus) and fungi (Aspergillus, Penicillium). Based on these findings, a tailored conservation...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.011
· Download
Fulvia Gennari, Andrea Campostrini, Agnese Babini, Raffaella Lamuraglia, Giancarlo Ruocco, Valeria Giliberti, Arianna Traviglia, Michele Ortolani
This work investigates the use of a terahertz radar system for the non-invasive diagnosis of wall paintings at the archaeological site of Pompeii. The imaging system is a frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar with a 27 GHz bandwidth centered at 0.3 THz (wavelength ≈ 1 mm), equipped with a pair of Teflon lenses in a confocal configuration and mounted on a robotic arm for XYZ micromovements. Initial tests targeted visible defects such as cracks and detached paint flakes in order to evaluate system performance. By imaging at multiple focal depths, the radar detected not only surface...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.010
· Download
Chiara Saltarelli, Vito Pagliarulo, Maria Rosaria Vigorito, Melania Paturzo
Nondestructive techniques for cultural heritage are a valuable tool for assessing restoration activities. This study examines the strip lining method, addressing frame tension issues by attaching canvas strips. The case study focuses on Gaspare Landi’s paintings. Pericles observes Phidias’s artwork at the Parthenon, currently stored in the Museo Real Bosco di Capodimonte. We examined the artwork before and after the strip lining procedure using two non-invasive methods: Structured-Light 3D Scanning and Shearography to report the tension problems. They both assessed the effectiveness of the...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.009
· Download
Nicole de Manincor, Sara Mazzocato, Dumitru Scutelnic, Claudia Daffara
Nothing like an ancient manuscript, passed from hand to hand over the centuries, better represents the legacy of history. Researchers are called to advance the techniques that allow the interpretation of this ancient heritage. This work sets out the methodology for performing comprehensive data analysis through the integration of 2D and 3D optical techniques. The approach involves the use of traditional UV-VIS-NIR imaging, combined with SWIR imaging, and the recent Thermal Quasi-Reflectography technique. In addition to examining the spectral signature, the investigation also employs a...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.008
· Download
Emma Vannini, Ilaria Catapano, Alice Dal Fovo, Valentina Di Sarno, Alessandra Rocco, Pasquale Maddaloni, Raffaella Fontana
The stratigraphy of mural paintings comprises multiple plaster layers with varying thicknesses, each prepared with progressively finer sand. Due to this complex structure, wall paintings are susceptible to deterioration at different depths. Detecting subsurface and internal defects, as well as hidden features, is crucial in conservation to reveal underlying details and assess the artwork's condition. Infrared (IR) and terahertz (THz) radiation can penetrate beneath the surface, providing valuable diagnostic insights. In this work, a multi-technique survey was performed on a purpose-built...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.007
· Download
Luca Alessandri, Valerio Baiocchi, Marta Baumgartner, Diego Blanco, Alessandro Bosman, Andrea Guaglianone, Felicia Vatore
This study presents the results of a high-precision subterranean survey of the remains of the Porticus Minucia in Rome, conducted using advanced GNSS techniques and total station measurements. The collected data enabled accurately mapping the structure’s foundations and alignment within the modern urban context. Crucially, this new dataset has made it possible to confidently georeference a previously unplaced fragment of the Forma Urbis Marmorea, the Severan marble plan of ancient Rome. By aligning architectural features visible on the fragment with the surveyed remains of the Porticus...
TC26 MetroArcheo Conference 2025
· TC26
· 2025
· 10.21014/tc26-2025.006
· Download