We have developed a portable device, based on this infrared absorption method, that can measure in-situ micro flow rates from 0.2 to 20 mL/min using a simple diode laser and a photo detector. A 1450 nm laser absorbed in water was irradiated to form a hot spot and the temperature was measured upstream and downstream of the hot spot. Two diode lasers and two photodetectors were used to measure the water temperature in the tube upstream and downstream of the hot spot. The amount of laser diode light from 1550 nm to 1650 nm wavelength absorbed by the water varied with the temperature of the...
Throat-tapped flow nozzle, which is widely used in power plants, are examined for several geometric parameters, throat-tap and upstream-tap diameter, surface roughness of nozzle and so on. It is found that the largest influence factor is the throat-tap diameter. According to the experimental result, new equations for the throat-tapped flow nozzle are proposed. All experimental discharge coefficient is within ±0.5% of the proposed equations.
Coriolis meters have many advantages for mass flow and volumetric measurement in a wide variety of applications. Inherent reliability, linearity, and stable meter factor (MF) on a wide variety of products make them an ideal choice for pipeline transfer. With the recent introduction of high flow rate meters, Coriolis technology can now be used in line sizes up to 16”. Custody transfer of products is very common in these large pipelines; in many applications contractual requirements dictate that meters be proved in situ periodically to ensure accurate measurement over time and/or product...
We hear a great deal in the news about how Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things (IoT) is changing our lives, and how it will transform businesses across the globe. It’s likely your business is already using some form of intelligence technology today. Research shows that on average nearly 80% of analysts’ time is spent collecting and gathering data, while less than 20% of their time is spent analysing and communicating results to stakeholders. This paper explores the extent to which the application of Augmented Intelligence developed from continuously collected metering...
The performance of Coriolis flow meters designed for use in hydrogen refuelling stations was evaluated in air and nitrogen by several National Metrology Institutes and Designated Institutes. Three meters were tested by members of the MetroHyVe consortium; NEL, METAS and CESAME EXADEBIT. A fourth meter was tested separately by KRISS and there was found to be a significant overlap in the test conditions and results from each experimental programme. A wide range of conditions were tested overall, with gas flow rates ranging from 0.05 to 3.8 kg/min and pressures ranging from 10 to more than 40...
Measurements of emissions of air pollutants are typically performed in accordance with CEN standards, which are being referred to as Standard Reference Methods. To determine emissions of air pollutants, concentration and flow measurements need to be performed within the stack. Standard EN ISO 16911-1 is employed as the Standard Reference Method for flow measurements. We perform validation measurements for this method in narrow stacks with cyclonic flows. To traceably determine the uncertainty of cyclonic flow in realistic field conditions, we use a stack simulator. We use a traceably...
In 2016, PTB introduced a function for the representation of the discharge coefficient cD of critical flow venturi nozzles (CFVN) (versus the Reynolds number Re) what covers the operating range with laminar boundary layers and with turbulent boundary layers as well. It contains the parameters a for the impact of the core flow, blam for the Re-dependency in case of laminar and bturb in case of turbulent boundary layers. These parameters are not independent to each other but have the fixed relation of bturb = 0.003654 b lam 1.736. Furthermore, the parameter a and the parameter blam are both...
In the framework of the ongoing EMPIR JRP 16ENG01 “Metrology for Hydrogen Vehicles” a main task is to investigate the influence of pressure on the measurement accuracy of Coriolis Mass Flow Meters (CFM) used at Hydrogen Refueling Stations (HRS). At HRS hydrogen is transferred at very high and changing pressures with simultaneously varying flow rates and temperatures. It is clearly very difficult for CMFs to achieve the later expected legal requirements in relation to the demand for accurate mass flow measurement at the measurement conditions at HRS. It was observed, mainly due to the very...
The German national metrological institute, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, is developing a new concept for volumetric primary standard to calibrate high pressure gas flow meters. The TUHH is supporting these R&D activities with its competence to elaborate computational models for detailed analysis of complex electromechanical systems including fluid flow aspects. The new primary standard is called Flow Comparator and uses an actively driven piston prover to measure the gas flow rate using the time the piston needs to displace a defined enclosed volume of gas in a cylinder. In...
The application of wet gas flow meter at shale gas wellhead is of great significance to reduce the investment and operation cost of shale gas extraction. The flow conditions at the wellhead of shale gas and the technical measuring principles of the current wet gas flow meters are briefly analyzed in this paper. A wet gas flow meter was tested on the wet gas flow test facility, and the performance of the wet gas flow meter with the correlation model developed with the air and water as test medium is studied, which is helpful to optimize the wet gas metering process design of shale gas...