Iurii Motroniuk, Radoslaw Królak, Ralf Stöber, Gerhard Fischerauer
We propose a novel approach for a cheap and easy implementable microwave-based system for the state determination of emission control and exhaust gas aftertreatment systems in motor vehicles, trucks, combustion installations, and similar equipment. It is particularly important to monitor the state of diesel particulate filters (DPF), three-way catalytic converters (TWC), and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts. It is proposed to consider the volume inside the housing of the DPF, TWC, or SCR as a communications channel between two terminals of a wireless communications system. From...
Methods and Advances in Measurement
· TC19
· 2014
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A. Demichelis, M. Sassi, M. Lecuna, G. Sassi
Traceable and accurate standard of Volatile Organic Compounds VOC at trace concentration level are necessary for a framework of quality assurance and quality control of atmospheric composition measurements. Dynamic preparation of standard mixtures can fulfill the target accuracy given by the framework. Short-term concentration stability is one of the sources of uncertainty of dynamic preparation and depends on sampling time of the mixture, stability contribution to total uncertainty must be calculated. A method for the calculation of the stability contribution is here proposed. The...
Methods and Advances in Measurement
· TC19
· 2014
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Ville A. Kaikkonen, Anssi J. Mäkynen
This paper presents a holographic hydrometeor imager aimed for in-situ measurement of falling hydrometeors. The hydrometeor imager is based on in-line holographic imaging, which enables larger imaging volumes than can be achieved using traditional imaging techniques. By numerically reconstructing holograms containing the hydrometeors, detailed images of rain drops and snowflakes with resolutions of tens of micrometers are acquired, as well as the local 3D position of individual hydrometeors inside the measurement volume. The reconstructed in-focus images of hydrometeors are analyzed using...
Methods and Advances in Measurement
· TC19
· 2014
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L. Santiago-Cruz, R.G. Ramírez-Chavarría, R. González-Oropeza, P.I. Rincón-Gómez
This paper describes the development of a mobile embedded data acquisition system for monitoring parameters like speed, geographic position, slope of the road and exhaust emissions concentrations. These parameters will be acquired and monitored through a web interface using a low cost microcontroller, a GPS receiver and the GSM technology; so we could obtain conclusions of the vehicle´s behavior in different traffic circumstances, with this, we will propose a new methodology for developing driving cycles in Mexico, in order to reduce the large amount of environmental emissions induced by the...
Methods and Advances in Measurement
· TC19
· 2014
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A. Lay-Ekuakille, P. Vergallo, G. Griffo, V. Pelillo
The dry treatment of textile allows to reduce impacts of water treatment, by means of reagents, in the soil and subterranean matrixes. Ozone treatment to remove bacteria and microbes is very useful and it serves as alternative to other systems. There are concerns about residues of ozone in the internal and external atmosphere. In the first case, we deal with workers’ protection and in the latter regards outside air pollution. The paper illustrates an experimental facility built for dry treatment of textiles by means of ozone and experimental measurements performed at the exhaust. An...
Methods and Advances in Measurement
· TC19
· 2014
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G. Griffo, A. Lay-Ekuakille, P. Vergallo
A precised and accurate measurement of environmental pollutants is not always an easy task if we are in presence of variable quantities depending on the process under test. The signal conditioning of sensors dedicated to environmental monitoring is an aspect that strongly impacts on the quality of post processing. The paper presents a design of conditioning circuit for a pyrosensor of carbon oxide emitted by industrial and human activities. The conditioning circuit can be also used for home pollution monitoring in the context of heating and it can be useful for automotive applications too....
Methods and Advances in Measurement
· TC19
· 2014
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Heidi Fleischer, Ellen Vorberg, Kerstin Thurow, Mareike Warkentin, Detlef Behrend
The determination of the elemental composition of environmental samples provides information for biological monitoring in environmental and occupational health. Concentrations of selected elements contained in human bones may show the current state of health, diseases, intoxications or food pattern. Various studies show age independent concentrations of Calcium (Ca) and Phosphor (P) in human bones, but a correlation between osteoporosis and a decreased Ca concentration is reported. The combination of inductively coupled plasma and mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) enables fast multi-elemental...
Methods and Advances in Measurement
· TC19
· 2014
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D. Contini, A. Dinoi, A. Donateo, M. Conte, F. Belosi
Simultaneous measurements of aerosol number concentrations, size distributions and mass concentrations were performed between autumn 2013 and winter 2014 at an urban background site in Lecce (Italy). These were carried out by using different optical aerosol detectors: an OPC GRIMM (mod. 1.109), an OPC FAI (Multichannel Monitor), an optical photometer Mie pDR-1200. A good agreement ( R 2 = 0.99 and R 2 = 0.98) was found between particle number concentrations measured by FAI and GRIMM in accumulation (0.28÷0.90 µm) and coarse (1.10÷10 µm) modes, even if FAI showed large number concentrations...
Methods and Advances in Measurement
· TC19
· 2014
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Maria J. Almeida, Olaf Ueberschär, Ramona Ecke, Stefan E. Schulz, Patrick Matthes, Mathias Müller, Horst Exner
The natural geomagnetic field has been used for millions of years by various organisms for navigation. The determination of the local field direction (in terms of magnetic north and inclination) enables, for instance, migratory birds to find their annual routes from one continent to another and back home, or magnetotactic bacteria to move towards soil areas rich in nutrients. In analogy, for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), the capability of detecting the local direction of the geomagnetic field as a 2D or 3D vector enables a reliable autonomous navigation through environments with a...
Methods and Advances in Measurement
· TC19
· 2014
· Download
A. Lay-Ekuakille, G. Griffo, P. Vergallo
Nanotechnology is an opportunity for environmental measurements. If we consider an environmental matrix like a biological material, it is possible to investigate on it using non invasive technique and applying certain techniques as beamforming. The main idea of the work is to detect, thanks to acoustic waves, metallic materials or plastic ones included in a confined ambient and that are contaminated. There are different sensor techniques based on micro and nanotechnology for investigating on environmental issues. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate an overview and application of...
Methods and Advances in Measurement
· TC19
· 2014
· Download