Gabriella Caroti, Isabel Martínez-Espejo Zaragoza, Andrea Piemonte
Historical data of laser scanning and photogrammetry for the knowledge and memory plan of Cultural Heritage

Cultural Heritage studies often require to perform analyses on buildings which have undergone several changes and alterations during their lifetime. This often implies loss of architectural elements or construction of new elements, in turn disrupting the perception of the former buildings. The recovery of lost elements or structures through virtual reconstructions is of paramount importance in both scientific and cultural applications. In this case, novel procedures in surveying and photogrammetric processing offer a powerful tool, allowing to extract geometric information from historical documentation such as archive images, historical photogrammetry (HP) or historical terrestrial laser scanner (HTLS). This contribution presents a methodology based on HTLS and HP data and aimed at the generation of 3-D models for multi-temporal geometric analysis of modified objects. The methodology was applied to two case studies: a portion of the Pisa medieval walls of and in the Fortezza Vecchia site in Livorno.

Sangiorgio Valentino, Martiradonna Silvia, Fatiguso Fabio, Uva Giuseppina
Structural degradation measurement and diagnostics of historical masonry buildings.

Surveys performed in the aftermath of recent earthquakes have shown that the structural and anti-seismic performances of masonry buildings are related not only to structural damages and masonry quality but also other key features such as effectiveness of connections, damages of wooden elements or criticalities related with humidity. To this aim technical and scientific communities are interested in development or improve existing procedures for the fast-visual survey and diagnostics in order to measure and analyze all the parameters affecting the building performance. In this paper a new procedure based on the Analytic Hierarchy Processes (AHP) is developed to perform a rapid visual surveys and diagnostics of masonry building through a set of condition ratings. The novelty of the presented work is threefold: i) the AHP allows to include qualitative and quantitative data in the analysis such as the quality of masonry and connections effectiveness; ii) the proposed survey and diagnostics performed by suitable condition ratings allows an extensive application in order to identify the most damaged buildings that require more detailed structural investigations; iii) a comparison with a standard diagnostics is performed to validate the procedure and emphasize the advantages of the novel diagnostics.

Silvia Grassi, Giacomo Fiocco, Claudia Invernizzi, Tommaso Rovetta, Michela Albano, Patrizia Davit, Monica Gulmini, Chiaramaria Stani, Lisa Vaccari, Maurizio Licchelli, Marco Malagodi
Managing complex Synchrotron radiation FTIR micro-spectra from historic bowed musical instruments by chemometrics

The intrinsic complexity of the coating systems on historical bowed string musical instruments complicates the characterization of the different materials that have been subsequently spread on the wood. Even more challenging is the identification of their spatial distribution in the sequence of the finishing layers. To face both issues, in this study we combined Synchrotron radiation micro - FTIR in reflection geometry and Chemometrics for the investigation of five micro-samples mounted in crosssections, removed from musical instruments made by Antonio Stradivari, Francesco Ruggeri and Lorenzo Storioni. A classification model based on Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis aimed at discriminating the organic materials through infrared signals was developed. High model specificity (> 0.9) was reached in prediction, doing the groundwork for the application of a fast and rigorous methodological approach.

Salvatore Scudero, Giovanni Vitale, Antonino Pisciotta, Raffaele Martorana, Patrizia Capizzi, Antonino D Alessandro
Remotely controlled aerial and underwater vehicles in support to magnetic surveys

This article deals with the creation of a professional magnetometer, a flexible, light and compact instrument that can be installed on aerial and marine drones. The instrument can accurately measure the local magnetic field. Subsequently, it was installed on AUV and a micro ROV to test its effectiveness for archaeological purposes and magnetic surveys. Experimental data show that both systems can be used by filtering disturbances from vehicles.

Raffaele Persico, Giovanni Leucci, Sebastiano D Amico, Lara De Giorgi, Emanuele Colica, Maurizio Lazzari
The watch towers in Malta: a patrimony to preserve for the future

In this contribution we will focus on some results achieved within the international bilateral project Non-invasive investigations to enhance the knowledge and the enjoyment of cultural heritage (funded by the Italian National Research Council and by the University of Malta). In particular, we will focus on some GPR and geoelectrical investigations performed on the so called Red Tower and on the so called White Tower, both on the western side of the island of Malta.