Measurement is an acquisition of the knowledge of the external world, and there is little doubt that our concept and scientific theories depend strongly on the relations such as correlation and probabilistic dependences we discover in a number of observed data. However, measurement is not determined only by the measured object but depends on various factors, one of which is the degree of the fineness of observation. The present paper is an effort to introduce this subject into a formal framework of measurement science. Taking advantage of entropic measure of interdependence, we examine the...
Measurement theory is developed as partial theory of uniform quantities group measurement and as general measurement theory. In contrast to this, the applied metrology has to ensure the quality of practical measurements supporting industrial, technical, or research activity. The mission of the measurement theory is to serve as a base for applied metrological methods and procedures. But actually the measurement theory pays just a little attention to the practical problems, and affects weakly and indirectly the applied metrology. General measurement theory has the abstract measurement equation...
Graphic-based representations of theoretical ideas are always useful bases of discussions. This is especially true for measurement sciences where structures are of utmost complexity. It will be shown that these structures are mainly structures of Signal and System Theory.
This paper presents a domain-theoretic model for measurements and measuring instruments, by making explicit in simplex-domain structures two important aspects of measurement processes: the notion of standard representation relation, established between the (physical) values that are being measured and the meanings of the readings (semantic values) of the measuring instruments used to measure them, and the time underlying every meas-urement process, in a way that it is possible to trace the history of every measuring process. We also present the modelling of measurements performed by combined...
When describing a system of interacting genes, a useful approximation is provided by a Boolean network model, in which each gene is either switched on or off – i.e., its state is described by a Boolean variable. Recent papers by I. Shmulevich et al. show that although in principle, arbitrarily complex Boolean functions are possible, in reality, the corresponding Boolean networks can be well described by Boolean functions from one of the socalled Post classes – classes that are closed under composition. These classes were originally described by E. Post. It is known that the Boolean model is...
In many practical situations, the measurement result z depends not only on the measured value x , but also on the parameters s describing the experiment’s setting and on the values of some auxiliary quantities y ; the dependence z = f ( x ; s ; y ) of z on x , s , and y is usually known. In the ideal case when we know the exact value of the auxiliary parameter y , we can solve the above equation and find the desired value x . In many real-life situations, we only know y with some uncertainty, and this uncertainty leads to additional uncertainty in x . If we are trying to reconstruct x based...
Given the common assumption that measurement plays an important role in the foundation of science, the paper analyzes the possibility that measurement science, and therefore measurement itself, can be properly founded. The conclusion, that such a position unavoidably leads to paradoxical situations, opens the discussion for a new epistemology of measurement, whose characteristics and interpretation are still to be investigated.
Aim of the paper is to present different definitions of measurement, to prove, that measurement science is metroloy, to illustrate the advantages of Internet-metrology to show the influence of standpoints on definitions, to define measurement paradigms for practical use.
This paper discusses issues to be considered in setting up a Measuring System Body of Knowledge, an MSBOK. It covers the benefits of it being available; what it should contain; why online delivery is required; and progress being made on a project developing such a knowledge service for those who need reliable and rapid access to measurement knowledge.