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Page 173 of 977 Results 1721 - 1730 of 9762

S. Ramesh, L. Karunamoorthy, K. Palanikumar
Surface roughness investigation in machining of Titanium alloy by round CVD coated inserts using artificial neural network

Productivity and quality in the finish turning of titanium alloys can be improved by utilizing predicted performance of the work surface. This paper combines predictive machining approach with neural network modeling of surface roughness in order to estimate performance of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) coated (TiN-TiCN-Al2O3-TiN) round carbide inserts (Grade TT3500) for a variety of cutting conditions. Machining trails were conducted in lathe. The control parameters used were cutting speed, feed, and depth of cut. Machining trails were designed using the statistical design of experiment (DoE) techniques. Surface roughness have been measured for each operation and the associated data have been used to train an artificial neural network (multi-layer perceptron) using the back-propagation algorithm. The trained neural network has been used to predict the surface quality in terms of surface roughness. The developed prediction model was found to be capable of accurate surface roughness classification for the range it had been trained.

K. K. Manesh, B. Ramamoorthy, M. Singaperumal
Numerical generation of anisotropic 3D Gaussian of engineering surfaces

Prediction of the functional behaviour of precision engineering assemblies requires artificially generated three dimensional rough surfaces that have specific prescribed properties. In this paper, an algorithm is developed for the numerical generation of three dimensional anisotropic rough surfaces that have Gaussian height distribution and a given autocorrelation function with prescribed 3D spatial parameters. The procedure employs the non-linear Conjugate Gradient Method (NCGM) in order to cope with the memory and completing time limitations. The simulated surfaces are compared with those generated by 2-D Digital Filter method. The results show that both the methods can adequately produce rough surfaces at small correlation distances, where as at higher correlation distances, NCGM yields better results.

Thomas G. Mathia, Etienne Leprat, Serge Carras, Philippe Carval
3D topography measurements and characterizations of soft, living, flexible and deformable surfaces

One of the great difficulties to day in quality control and metrological highly fidelity characterisations is the case of soft and easy deformable surfaces like living bodies with history of morphology recorded (originally vegetal, animal, humane, etc) and “memory” materials like papers, human skin, varnishes, leathers, textiles, and others. one of the authors are involved since 1970’s with 3d roughness metrology, sensors, scanning components and driving systems, tactile, capacitive pneumatically assisted and optical measurement techniques. Dealing with surface texture characterisations and efforts of theirs standardisations some fundamental results will be presented and analytically evaluated. Dimensional measurements in manufacturing, metrology software and the comparing evaluation, as well as uncertainty, tolerance, testing, calibration and testing methods and total quality management constitutes essential problem. Critical analysis of different methods in domain of 3d texture characterisations is not reported commenting advantages and week points in context of quality control due to limited space in this paper. Some case studies in terms of education will be presented.

N. Ravichandran
Total quality control


P. V. Mohanram
Tolerance design and its applications – Case studies

In today’s competitive marketplace, companies are under increased pressure to produce products that have low cost and high quality. Product cost and quality are influenced by many factors. One factor that strongly influences both is manufacturing variation. No manufacturing process can produce a part with perfect geometry. In modern manufacturing, tolerance design principles are adopted to manage the manufacturing variation and its effect on product performance and manufacturing cost. This paper presents an overview of tolerance design principles adopted in the design of mechanical assemblies. Some typical case studies on tolerance design are presented to illustrate the tolerance design concepts applicable to practical problems.

Y. Takaya
Fundamental study for developing the nano-CMM with a micro probe based on optical force dynamics

In this paper, the dynamic properties of the optically vibrated microprobe for establishing the nano-CMM are presented. The principle of the position detection probe is based on the single-beam gradient-force optical trap of a micrometer size probe sphere and the vibration probing technique. A novel principle of position sensing using the phase delay response due to drastically increasing viscous drag coefficients near the surface is proposed. Fundamental measurement of the phase delay is demonstrated by probing the edge of an as-cleaved silicon wafer in the lateral direction. The measurement results of corner edge profile of an as-cleaved silicon wafer suggest that the proposed method is valid for sensing a position with the resolution of nanometer order.

Yu. V. Chugui
Optical measuring technologies and laser systems for industrial applications

Modern industry takes novel optical measuring systems with micron resolution and productivity up to 105 meas/s, as well as laser technologies for solving actual tasks, including safety problems for mining, atomic and railway industries. New measurement approaches, including 3D diffraction, Fresnel diffraction method, 3D hole inspection are presented. We have researched, developed and tested some novel optical measuring systems and laser technologies. Experimental results and performances of the optical measuring and laser systems are given.

V. Radhakrishnan
Challenges in surface metrology

In an area which has been explored and researched for many years, normally there may not be many challenges left. However, in surface metrology in which research started in a systematic fashion in the late thirties of the last centaury, there are still many challenges left and more are in the offing. The reasons for this can be seen in the development of technologies associated with this measurement and the demand from the user groups keen on getting worth while inputs for clear specification, product realization in practice and reliable applications in current and emerging areas. This paper addresses some of these challenges with specific reference to surface roughness and emerging technologies.

Albert Weckenmann
Manufacturing metrology – State of the art and prospects

Manufacturing metrology is the prerequisite of quality management and process control and hence of enormous importance for economic manufacture of high-quality products. In order to support quality management and process control appropriately it has to keep pace with the developments in production (e. g. automation) and also modern products as well as their technology, e. g. nanotechnology. Additionally rising economic demands due to the global market push the development of manufacturing metrology.
The most important future trends for manufacturing metrology are holistic measurement, ease of use, miniaturization and economic benefits by improved speed, robustness and costs of measurement.
The article will show today’s manufacturing metrology and the most promising developments for addressing the mentioned trends and demands.

Young-Cheol Ha, Myoung-Seok Kwak, Woong Kang
A New Gravimetric Primary Standard for Natural Gas Flow Measurement at KOGAS

A new static gravimetric primary standard facility, which was constructed at the Incheon LNG terminal of Korea Gas Corporation (KOGAS) in 2017, is currently operated at pressures up to 5 MPa. Its main tasks include calibrating the secondary flow standard of the KOGAS high-pressure calibration facility (closed-loop type) and establishing the national primary standard for high-pressure natural gas flow measurement. To these aims, 1) the systematic error, which occurred due to an overlap diverter and has not yet been identified, was experimentally estimated for this facility, and 2) an interlaboratory comparison between KOGAS and Korea Research Institute of Standard and Science (KRISS) was performed using five critical flow Venturi nozzles in 2018. Consequently, the systematic error was estimated to be about 0.06 %, and the degree of equivalence between KOGAS and KRISS was evaluated to be within ±0.23. The paper describes the standard facility and the comparison results.

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