Alavi Dehkordi, Sayede Elahe, Azadi Mehrnaz
Technical study on a piece of Cashmere textile attributed to late Qajar era

The present study is a report of laboratory studies for technological purposes a piece of Cashmere textileknown as Reza Torki Termeh, attributed to late Qajar era, a Cashmere of Yazd, with a brown or black field, cotton fiber, with a repeated paisley motif (botte-jeqqe) and framing pattern and with worktoptexture is known, which includes to answer some questions regarding to the nature of the fibers, twisting of the fibers, type of weaving, and method of production. In this regard, library, laboratory, and field studies were used; interviews and correspondence with professors, many trips to observe the examples of this type of cashmere.The results of the systematic model studies were used to understand the quality of information about Terme Reza Turki; The object of this study is similar to the rest of the Reza Turkish Terme with a cotton leaf and worktoptexture. The yarn twists used in this Termeh fabric are a combination of s and z; both Termeh and lining cloths are woven in worktoptexture; fabric density of the lining is more than that of the Termeh; and also the lining is more acidic than the Termeh fabric and For both lining and Termeh Textile, neither shrinkage nor fastness to wash has been observed.

R. Bieńkowski, M. Buell, J. McEnroe, J. Botero
Photogrammetry for large scale documentation. The case of the microregion of the Minoan site of Gournia.

Today photogrammetry is a widely used tool in archaeological practice, although it is often auxiliary to traditional methods of documentation. In this paper we present a different perspective on photogrammetry, that is large scale landscape documentation of an archaeological site and its microregion. Such a documentation can be done with tools that are already used during excavations: drones, standard photography and spatial data coming from Total Station measurements. This method allows to gather large amount of data, that can be used to a wide variety of analysis focusing on the relation between the site and its environs.

Andrea Cataldo, Egidio De Benedetto, Giuseppe Cannazza, Sebastiano D'Amico, Lourdes Farrugia, Geraldine Misfud, Evan Dimech, Charles V. Sammut, Raffaele Persico, Giovanni Leucci, Lara De Giorgi
TDR-based Water Content Estimation on Globigerina Limestone Through Permittivity Measurements

Most monuments and historical buildings in the Maltese Islands are made of the local Globigerina Limestone (GL). This type of stone, however, is very delicate and prone to degradation caused by the environmental conditions of the islands. Hence, for the preservation of the Cultural Heritage monuments, it is necessary to promptly assess the health status of these structures and, in particular, their water content (which represents one of the major causes of degradation). Starting from these considerations, in this work, a time domain reflectometry (TDR)-based method for estimating water content of GL is presented. More specifically, the proposed method relies on estimating the water content value of the GL structure from TDRbased dielectric permittivity measurements. To verify the suitability of this system, experimental tests were carried out on a GL sample. The results anticipate the strong potential of the proposed method for practical applications in the Cultural Heritage diagnostics.

Marta Mascalchi, Iacopo Osticioli, Oana Adriana Cuzman, Sonia Mugnaini, Marco Giamello, Salvatore Siano
Diagnostic campaign and innovative conservation treatments carried out on the statue "La Speranza" by Odoardo Fantacchiotti

This work is focused on the conservation restoration workscarried out on the Speranza, monumental sculpture of the 19th century placed inside the English Cemetery in Florence. The statue was covered by scattered greenish and blackgrayish patinas mainly due to the biological growth. Optical microscopy, culture-based methods and CFPAM imaging (Pulse Amplitude Modulated fluorometry of the Chlorophyll Fluorescence) were used to characterize the biodeteriogens, while the study of the stone material and of the decay layers was performed trough microstratigraphic observations and X-ray diffraction analyses. Laser cleaning trials were carried out using different wavelengths (1064 nm and 532 nm) and pulse durations. The optimization of the laser parameters was performed taking into account the results obtained from the stratigraphic layers observations of the thin cross-sections of the stone material and real time CF-PAM imaging of the phototrophic presence.The study allowed improving, planning and accomplishing of the laser cleaning treatment of the whole statue.

Tommaso Addabbo, Ada Fort, Marco Mugnaini, Enza Panzardi, Alessandro Pozzebon, Valerio Vignoli
A Low Power City-Scale Wireless Sensor Network for the Monitoring of Monumental Structures

In this paper the authors describe the architecture of a Wide Area Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to be employed for the monitoring of large scale monumental structures. The proposed Sensor Network is composed by low power sensor nodes, provided with LoRa connectivity, able to measure displacements of structural cracks in buildings with a ten-micrometer degree of accuracy. Description is provided about the functioning of the displacement sensor, the structure of the sensor network node and the overall network architecture. The whole infrastructure has been designed for the monitoring of the medieval city walls in the town of Siena, where two prototypical sensor nodes have been installed and have acquired data for about one year. The proposed architecture can be applied to any context where a city scale monitoring is required. Test results are provided about the data collection and network coverage for the test site.