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Atsuhiro Nishino, Kazunaga Ueda, Kenichi Fujii
DESIGN OF A NEW TORQUE STANDARD MACHINE BASED ON THE TORQUE GENERATING METHOD USING ELECTROMAGNETIC FORCE

We have developed torque standard machines based on the lever deadweight system, that is to say the torque generating method using gravity. However, this method is not suitable for expanding low-torque range because weights and moment arms have limitations in size. In this study, we investigated the working principle of torque generating method using electromagnetic force by referring to watt balance experiments for the redefinition of the kilogram.

Christian Müller-Schöll
OPTIMIZING SENSITIVITY OF MASS COMPARATORS

In calibration of weight pieces, the evaluation of comparator sensitivity and its associated uncertainty component is essential. Yet, there is not much documented guidance on how to assess these values. This paper proposes a procedure for testing, evaluating and optimizing mass comparator sensitivity.

Takishi Mizuno, Yoichiro Hayashi, Yuji Ishino, Masaya Takasaki
PROPOSAL OF FORCE MEASUREMENT USING A ZERO-COMPLIANCE MECHANISM

Zero-compliance mechanism is applied to force measurement. The force to be measured acts on a target body suspended by a zero-compliance mechanism consisting of two suspensions connected in series through a detection point. One of the suspensions is operated to cancel the displacement of the other. The force can be estimated from the displacement of the detection point. An instrument was fabricated which used double series magnetic suspension as a zero-compliance mechanism. The effectiveness of the proposed measurement method was demonstrated experimentally.

Nieves Medina, Jesús de Vicente, Jorge Robles
MAGNETIC EFFECTS IN THE CALIBRATION OF SENSORS UNDER SINUSOIDAL EXCITATIONS

This paper describes the magnetic effects studied at CEM in their realization of a primary standard for dynamic force calibration using sinusoidal excitations of force transducers, although they can also affect any sensor with an electrical output mounted on an electrodynamic shaker. In this study the electromagnetic behaviour for the interaction between sensor and shaker or a similar source of magnetic fields is explained and a solution to minimise this interaction is also included.

Nieves Medina, Javier de la Serna, José Antonio Fernández, Raquel María Lorente
DEVELOPMENT OF A 0.1 – 100 N FORCE STANDARD MACHINE

Centro Español de Metrología (CEM) is developing a new force standard machine. This new force standard machine operates in a working range from 0.1 N up to 100 N. The designed machine consists of a suspended – fulcrum arm, a main body, a set of individually loaded masses and a control system that will be able to operate it automatically almost in full.

Felix Mathis
IMPROVED TRACEABILITY AND RELIABILITY IN MASS CALIBRATION

Mass calibration is a labour-intensive and multi-layered process. With manual data writing and limited quality control, final results may not comply with required quality standards. Interconnected equipment enables data security, data analysis and reporting in one system. Regulatory compliance is achieved with integrated uncertainty analysis, weighing schemes and quality control tools. This paper gives an insight to common mass calibration process hurdles and new solution approaches.

Oliver Mack, Tobias Klein, Christian Schlegel, Matej Grum
CHALLENGES FOR THE CALIBRATION OF AUTOMATIC WEIGHING INSTRUMENTS IN DYNAMIC OPERATION

In contrast to non-automatic weighing instruments, the calibration of automatic weighing instruments in dynamic mode is less well defined. To fill this gap, the European research project “Traceable calibration of dynamic weighing instruments” has been initiated in order to develop new calibration guides for various automatic weighing instruments. As a starting point for the project, we tried to gather some existing experiences in view of test procedures, calibration routines, modelling and uncertainty analysis.

Yao Jinhui, Andy Knott, Li Qingzhong, Xu Hang, Li Haigen
INTERCOMPARISON BETWEEN LARGE FORCE STANDARD MACHINES IN CHINA AND UK

This paper describes an intercomparison at forces of 10 MN, 20 MN, and 30 MN between force standard machines located at FJIM, China, and NPL, UK. Two different types of transfer standard were used and the results demonstrated agreement between the two machines at each force of within 0,06 %, significantly lower than the relative expanded uncertainty claimed by either machine.

Sungjun Lee, J. W. Chung
REEVALUATION OF CCM KEY COMPARISONS IN MASS METROLOGY BY THE MONTE CARLO METHOD

To provide insights for analysis of Key Comparisons (KCs), we have estimated previous KCs with Monte Carlo Simulation. Two similar previous KCs in mass metrology of 50 kg scale were taken in this work as the typical example. The KC Reference Value (KCRV) was evaluated with several popular estimators as well as median in this analysis. Their uncertainties were considered with Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) and numerical simulation by Monte Carlo Method (MCM).

Dora Lapkova, Lukas Kralik, Milan Adamek
POSSIBILITIES OF FORCE MEASURING IN PROFESSIONAL DEFENCE

This article is aimed on finding the best method of measuring a force in professional defence. We chose direct punch for our experiment, because it is a basic defence technique in majority of martial arts. There are many methods for measuring but we decided for strain gauges. In this article we compare two strain gauges and we find the best choice according to function, simplicity of measuring and precision of results.

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