C. L. Giusca, S. Goel, I. Llavori, R. Kumme, O. Baer, A. Prato, A. Germak
DIGITAL REPRESENTATION OF A LOAD CELL

Industry 4.0 (I4.0) revolution provides new avalanche of opportunities in the arena of manufacturing and metrology. To take advantage of this opportunity, EMRP 18SIB08 ComTraForce project began the development of digital constructs necessary for a Digital Twin of a load cell that allows, in real time, to predict, optimise and maintain desired functionality throughout the device lifetime. Specifically, its project team has been working on developing digital constructs based on experimentally validated finite element models in conjunction with analytical models. The work provides new avenues in establishing force measurement standards.

L. F. Wang, K. Ma, D. B. Shen, Y. Zhang, S. Zhang, P. Liu, N. Song
RESEARCH ON INTELLIGENT AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT SYSTEM OF LARGE MASS

This paper describes a set of intelligent measurement system for large mass. The system realises the intelligent operation of the process of (100 kg ~ 1 000 kg) weights calibration, including loading and unloading reference weights, loading and unloading test weights, calculating data, and providing calibration records. These intelligent operations are realised by the design of the equal arm electromagnetic balance, loading and unloading weights, transmission mechanism, and the central intelligent control software. The system improves the accuracy and work efficiency of large weights calibration.

M. J. A. Solis, C. Giusca, S. Goel
DIGITAL TWIN AS A TRANSFORMATIVE APPROACH TO CLASSICAL FORCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS

Like any other measuring device, load cells are vital in ensuring that products meet quality and safety requirements; therefore, they must always be accurate and reliable. Creep affects measurement results and the useful life of load cells but is not well understood. Digital twins create a virtual representation of an instrument that can be used to understand, monitor, and predict load cell behaviour. This study found that the significant source of creep originates from the strain gauge's carrier matrix and that the Larson-Miller Parameter equation can be used to support the digital twin development of the load cell.

B. Aydemir, H. Dizdar, C. Vatan
THE METHOD PROPOSAL FOR CALIBRATION OF THE ALIGNMENT CELL

The alignment measurements of material testing machines can be made according to ASTM E1012 and ISO 23788 standards. These standards provide information on alignment devices, alignment measurement, and post-measurement calculations. However, they can't make a definition for the calibration of the alignment measuring device. For this purpose, this article has been prepared as a recommendation for the calibration method of the alignment measuring devices and the evaluation after the measurements. In this study, the calibration method of the alignment measuring device is defined and the calculations are given clearly with two different numerical examples.

Y. Yamakawa, T. Yamazaki
SIMPLIFIED MODEL OF MASS MEASUREMENT SYSTEM WITH CONSIDERATION OF VARIATION OF FULCRUM POSITION

This paper focuses on an analysis of behaviour of a dynamic mass measurement system. The goal of this paper is to propose a dynamic model of the system, which can reproduce dynamic behaviour to floor vibration. The dynamics of our system with electro-magnetic force compensation is approximated by a mass-spring-damper system, and an equation of motion is obtained. Model parameters are also estimated from experimental data. Then, comparisons of the proposed model with the previous model are carried out, and the effectiveness is also confirmed.