In the present investigation, the problem of accurate determination of volumetric flows by means of the so-called vortex-shedding flowmeter in the case of shape changes and deviations of the geometry from the original specifications due to manufacturing tolerances and imperfections was studied. To this end, the flow about the bluff body used in the presently studied vortexshedding flow meter was numerically simulated using a solver of the unsteady, compressible (air) or incompressible (water) Navier-Stokes equations in two and three dimensions. The computations were carried out for several types of modified geometry including a slightly rotated bluff body, rounded edges representing wear and asymmetrically oriented sensor body called here "paddle". The results were compared, where possible, with experimental data obtained by the manufacturer. The effects of turbulence were modeled by using the realizable k-ε turbulence model. The resulting flow fields were analyzed using various methods, including visualization, evaluation of several of their global features and DFT of properly chosen variables.

A practical method for detection, segmentation and classification of the air bubble silhouettes in Particle Image Velocimeter (PIV) images is proposed. Air bubbles that are in focus plane have sharper edges and lower intensities than defocused bubbles. Detection and segmentation is based on estimating the local variances and comparing these with the local intensities. After detection and segmentation different statistics describing the size and shape of the bubbles can be measured. An example of using this method is provided.

This system already has Japanese Patent Application 2000-159699 using the blue light absorption and JPA2001-393262 using the thermal impedance for the chloride film detection in the garbage. We, human being have the three big ecological problems. The first is the nuclear waste in the northern part of the Japan Sea, the second is the irregular weather that will be less oxygen caused by carbon fuels and the third is Dioxins caused by the incineration of the chloride film and garbage.
The first and the second will be solved by the investment and stopping cars. The third is required for development of a automatic chloride film detector of the treatment for waste garbage plastics that is Sanuki RDF System against Dioxins. The first method is detecting the plastisizer in the chloride films of garbage and is not suitable for heated films by the wicro wave cooker. The plasticizer will go into the cooked food. The second thermal impedance method detects PVDC, PVC, heated PVDC, heated PVC and non chloride films.

Where volume flow rates in ventilation applications are to be measured common practise is to integrate the velocity profile over the entire cross-section. One of the instruments used to carry out the flow velocity traverse is the Pitot-static tube. The paper examines, on an experimental basis, whether the readings of both total and static pressure by a Pitot-static tube could not validly be carried out by a combination of a Pitot tube that measures the total pressure and tappings at the wall of the duct where the static pressure is picked up. The advantage becomes particularly interesting for applications where the flow rate may change in time.

Measurements of flow velocity with cross correlation functions of ultrasonic signals show that the travelling time of structures determined by the peak of the functions deviates from the average flow velocity. This difference usually is explained by the difference between line integral of measurement and area integral of the average flow velocity.
A comparison of the frequency distribution of single velocity components in the fluid determined by particle image velocimetry with the cross correlation measuring method shows that the most frequent components in the fluid are in accordance with the travelling time of structures measured by cross correlation. The physical explanation can be given by means of the impulse response.