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Tamás Kökényesi, Norbert Durbák, István Varjasi
FPGA-synthesizable Filter Model Based Bitstream DAC for Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulators

The advances in FPGA technology have enabled fast real-time simulation of power converters, filters and loads. HIL (Hardware-in-the-Loop) simulators taking advantage of this technology have revolutionized control software and hardware development for power electronics. HIL simulators can reproduce the same analogue signals that would be measurable on real power converter circuits. A very common limitation in these applications is the usable pin count of the FPGA, because many analogue signals are needed and there are other functions as well. Switching frequencies in today's power converters are getting higher and higher, so the emulated current signals' frequencies are also increasing. Σ-&Delta DACs provide an efficient, FPGA-synthesizable solution using a single pin for each output, but the output signal’s bandwidth and latency is usually not sufficient, because of the used analogue filters. The subject of this paper is to introduce a new bitstream DAC architecture, which is capable of reproducing higher frequency current signals (usually triangle waves) more accurately than traditional Σ-&Delta solutions.

Piotr Bilski, Wiesław Winiecki
Feature selection for the non-intrusive electrical appliances identification

The paper presents the application of selected feature selection methods to determine their optimal set in the task of non-intrusive appliances identification. The process detects devices operating in the specific location based on the analysis of voltage and current signals. The informativeness calculation methods and Fisher linear discriminative analysis are proposed to find significant features for determining, which appliances changed their state. The approach is verified on two sets of features. The scheme was tested in the laboratory conditions with multiple appliances working simultaneously, exploiting the decision tree as the appliance identifier. Experimental results show usefulness of the approach maximizing the identification accuracy with decreased complexity of computations.

Dušan Agrež
Periodic signal parameters’ estimations from random sampling measurements under noncoherent sampling condition

Paper presents estimations of the periodic signal parameters in the case of random sampling and under non-coherent sampling condition where randomization of sampling intervals shapes the noise floor in the sampled spectrum with addition of spectral leakage. To achieve the lowest estimation errors the non-parametric interpolated DFT estimation of frequency should be used first for detection of the signal component and after that iterative 4-parametric sine-fit algorithm should be used for other parameters. In any case of estimation, the relative number of random samples has to be at least 0.1.

Luca De Vito, Gianluca Mazzilli, Maria Riccio, Carmine Sementa
Improving the Orientation Estimation in a Packet Loss-affected Wireless Sensor Network for Tracking Human Motion

This paper deals with a method to limit the consequences of packet loss on the accuracy of a real-time human motion tracking system based on Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Since the need for a prolonged battery life is a prominent commitment in a WSN design, the power budget is so low that communication turns out to be not reliable enough for real-time requirements. Whereas packets getting lost may not represent a big deal in most of WSN applications, they are very likely to cause troubles in a system supposed to sample, stream and compute under very tight constraints. For this reason, countermeasures have to be taken in order to tolerate packet loss and limit its impact on the body segments’ orientation estimation. The experimented method interpolates between quaternions produced by complementary algorithms merging smoothness of motion under ordinary circumstances with the capacity of fast recovery from loss. The results look promising and pave the way to further research for loss tolerance solution in low-power wireless systems.

Jiangtao Zhang, Xianlin Pan, Ying Song, Qing He
Phase Error Determination for the Wideband Resistive Voltage Divider

A new design of resistive voltage divider with series-parallel connection has been built. A selfcalibration method has also been proposed to determine the phase angle errors of the resistive voltage divider. The phase angle displacement has been measured by means of sampling with a high-speed digitizer. The measurement has been done at frequencies from 10 kHz to 100 kHz to calibrate two RVDs with ratio of 100:1 and the measurement results are presented.

Platon Sovilj, Bojan Vujicic, Aleksandar Radonjic, Dragan Pejic, Vladimir Vujicic
Stochastic Measurement of Reactive Power Using a Two-Bit A/D Converter

In this paper we propose a new method for measurement of reactive power. The proposed method is based on stochastic digital measurement approach and discrete Fourier transform. The validity of the method is verified by numerous simulations. Besides this, it is shown that the proposed method is simple, robust and reliable, which makes it very suitable for practical implementation.

Milan Simić, Zivko Kokolanski, Dragan Denić, Vladimir Dimcev, Dragan Živanović, Dimitar Taskovski
Personal computer-based electrical power quality signal generator

Electrical power quality signal generator, capable of reproducing power quality disturbances in accordance with European quality standard EN50160, is presented in this paper. Signal generator is divided in two parts: LabVIEW based virtual instrumentation software for defining the disturbance parameters and hardware electronics for signal generation (data acquisition card and power amplifier). The paper focus is on the design of power amplifier for scaling the data acquisition card output voltage level to the nominal power line voltage (230 V). Developed signal generator can be used for generation of reference signals useful for testing of power quality measuring instruments and various algorithms for power quality disturbance detection. In such manner, this PC based signal generator can be used as very good and cost effective alternative to very expensive instruments for testing of power qulity meters and analyzers.

Evgenii Zelenskii, Yury Kononov
Detection and Identification of Bad Power Measurements in Distribution Networks Using State Estimation by Synchronized Voltages and Currents

The article presents a new approach to identify bad power measurement based on the use of synchronized measurements of voltage and current phasors. The proposed method is based on the assumption that in most instances the bad power measurements are caused by inaccurate measurements of a current. In this case, the availability of voltage phasors’ measurements at consumers and in the main substation is a sufficient condition to identify bad power measurements. It has been proposed to use the instrument for state estimation theory and the recursive algorithm to identify good measurements of the currents’ and voltages’ phasors of the nodes in order to improve the reliability and accuracy of the method. The identification accuracy will depend primarily on the measurements synchronization accuracy and the passive parameters sizing error.

Alessio Carullo, Antonella Castellana, Alberto Vallan, Alessandro Ciocia, Filippo Spertino
Experimental assessment of degradation rate in photovoltaic modules

A test procedure is described in this paper that is conceived to investigate the degradation mechanism of PV modules based on different technologies. Environmental and mechanical stress factors are applied to the modules under investigation and electrical and electroluminescence characterization procedures are implemented to assess the module performance. Preliminary results are reported that refer to the application of the proposed test procedures to two sets of p-Si modules.

C. Galarza, X. Grimau, I. Masmitja, J.Prat, Joaquín del Rio, S. Gomariz
Design of the obstacle detection system with the SONAR MK3 on Guanay II AUV

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) perform inspection missions and intervention in known and unknown environments, where it is necessary to ensure their safety. The AUV must have the ability to detect and avoid obstacles in the path of navigation. This article, an obstacle detection system for experimental Guanay II AUV is proposed, using a mechanical scanning SONAR Tritech Micron MK3. Since Guanay II operates autonomously, we have designed software that allows adjustment and control of the parameters of SONAR, and the acquisition and processing of the signals obtained. Experimental tests at sea have allowed to verify the correct operation of software designed, as well as, experimental tests in a controlled environment have allowed to determine the optimal values of the basic parameters of SONAR.

Page 321 of 977 Results 3201 - 3210 of 9762