IMEKO Event Proceedings Search

Page 468 of 977 Results 4671 - 4680 of 9762

Ho Suhng Suh, Lauryna Šiaudinyte
New setup for calibration of vertical angle measuring systems

Precision instrumentation is the key factor in quality assurance in various fields of industry. Precision angle measurements performed by using total stations is a field showing a lot of potential. Horizontal angle measuring system calibration is well documented and researched field however vertical angle measuring system calibration tends to lack proper investigation. This paper deals with the analysis of modern calibration methods of vertical angle measuring systems after which the new arrangement for vertical angle calibration of the total station is presented. The principle of the vertical angle calibration using special equipment is described. The primary results of the research are presented in this paper as well as advantages and weaknesses of this new setup approach are discussed.

Beata Krupanek, Ryszard Bogacz
Modelling of communication delays in wireless networks

The paper presents a new conception of building probabilistic models of communication delays in wireless networks that basis on using a delta function sequence to describe retransmissions between a transmitter and a receiver. It is assumed that the access time of the transmitter is described by a probability density function and the communication channel established in the wireless medium is disturbed by passive or active factors which cause that the transmission can be not correct and the sent data have to be retransmitted. Theoretical considerations have been verified by measurement results obtained by using the experimental system developed for investigating delays caused by external disturbances influencing the wireless transmission. A method of identification of the proposed model parameters and verification of the identified values has been presented.

Anna Zawada-Tomkiewicz, Dariusz Tomkiewicz
MECHATRONIC MONITORING TOOL (MMT) FOR MACHINED SURFACE EVALUATION DURING THE CUTTING PROCESS

The subject of the paper is to describe a mechatronic monitoring tool (MMT) used for evaluation of machined surface during the process of cutting. The integral part of mechatronic tool is a smart sensor. The principle of MMT design is a ability to be used on any lathe. The MMT is composed of several functional elements.
The core element of mechatronic monitoring tool is the smart sensor, which provides the data acquisition and integration. The basis for the sensor to operate isthe surface image sequence acquired during cutting. The images are pre-processed and characterized with the number of irrelevant features. Feature vector is then used byclassifier in decision making process. The smart sensor grants the essential information elaborated in data processing to be used in surface and process monitoring.
In addition, the MMT embraces the mechanical and electrical systems necessary for the tool to be fastened on the lathe and powered. The system must also be equipped with the system for cutting zone cleaning.
The paper concludes with the current research challenges required to expand the application of mechatronics in smart sensor elaboration for machined surface monitoring.

Nermina Zaimovicuzunovic, Hazim Bašic, Almira Softic
INTERCOMPARATION AS AN EXCELLENT TOOL FOR TESTING LABORATORY METHODS AND PRACTICE

Proficiency testing is an important way of meeting the requirements of ISO/IEC 17025 in the area of quality assurance of laboratory results. Laboratory for dimensional measuring technique on Mechanical Engineering Faculty participated in comparison of dial gauge and external micrometer. The key requirements of such comparisons are that the samples are same or similar, and also thatthe set of samples measured are appropriate to test and display similarities and differences in results. A proficiency testing scheme is a system for objectively evaluating laboratory results by external means, and includes regular comparison of a laboratory's results at intervals with those of other laboratories. The main objective of a proficiency testing scheme is to help the participating laboratory to assess the accuracy of its test results. Regular participation in a proficiency testing scheme provides independent verification of measurement capability of a laboratory and shows a commitment to a maintenance and improvementof performance. Participants were three laboratories from Bosnia and Herzegovina and one pilot laboratory wasfrom Norway. Included laboratories calibrated the instruments using their own procedures and issue their standard calibration certificates according to their accreditation scope. Circulation of testing instruments was from pilot laboratory to the participating laboratories one by one and again to the pilot laboratory for checking. The values compared were: fmax for external micrometer and fe, fges and fu for dial gauge.

Roman Kuster, Michael Marxer, Enrico Savio, Simone Carmignato, Luis Rocha
TRAINING IN COORDINATE METROLOGY – EXPERIENCES WITH A BLENDED LEARNING APPROACH

Quality management decisions require precise and reliable measuring results. In manufacturing and assembling processes, production metrology plays a significant role in generating such results. For this reason, coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) are used more and more often due to their universality and flexibility. The quality of results generated by CMMs is highly dependent on the skills of the CMM operators. In order to minimize technicians' influence, they need to be provided with the necessary knowledge to carry out such tasks.
Efforts to introduce training at a national level led to the European project EUKOM, which developed a usercentred training course using new learning methods to meet the demands of CMM operators. This project led to the foundation of the registered association CMTrain. Today, this association offers manufacturer-independent courses in coordinate metrology and it is continually improving learning methods and learning contents.
The courses combine face-to-face teaching, workshops and online learning in a blended learning environment. Using this concept, certified education and lifelong learning can be supported independent of the location of the students and available infrastructure.
Experiences gained with this training approach regarding users, tutors, training providers and developers as well as the application of new technical approaches such as mobile learning, new distribution channels for learning content and new possibilities for hands-on remote learning are discussed in this paper.

Vidosav Majstorovic, Srdjan Zivkovic
DEVELOPED COMPUTER AIDED INSPECTION METHOD FOR FREE-FORM SURFACES APPLIED ON AERONAUTICAL LIFT AND CONTROL SURFACES

Angular relationships of lift and control surfaces, wings and all the elements needed to determine the model for wind tunnel testing are essential to the quality of the final assembly. In relation to the measurement of airfoil shape deviation from this determination is complicated and requires complex mathematical models and calculation. It is necessary to find the plane that represents the wing and calculate the required angular relationships such as the wing setting angle and the dihedral angle. Such a plane exists on the wing and is called the Wing Reference Plane (WRP). This plane is not material and its direct measurement is impossible.
Identifying dihendral angle, wing seting angle and local airfoil twisting of models aircraft is accomplished by measuring the WRP. Detection of these parameters are required to model the quality of the final geometric inspection. The developed method requires the preparation of measurement and calculation of the CAD/CAM system. It takes information about the relationship between WRP and the upper and lower wing surface transferred to the coordinate inspection program. Over the measured coordinates apply a special system of equations. The result of the calculation is measured WRP. The developed method can also be successfully applied to measure the deflection angle of canards, slats and flaps.
Wing of wind tunnel model LASTA-2 (Swallow P2), is taken as an example of application of the developed computer aided inspection method.

Anke Guenther
CALCULATION OF INDIRECTLY MEASURED RUNOUT OF BEVEL GEARS

The classic (direct) runout measurement is a function oriented all-over inspection of a bevel gear. Its result is one of the criteria to classify gears in standardised accuracy grades (former quality groups). For several reasons, this direct method is rarely applied for bevel gear inspections, carried out with coordinatemeasuring machines (CMM). Instead, special evaluations based on pitch measurements of both flanks (coast and drive) are commonly used. These calculations relate to much less flank information than the direct measurement and include,depending on the algorithm, several risks. This paper presents an improved approach for this evaluation and compares theoretical and experimental runout results carried out with several CMMs.

A. Mikhal, Z. Warsza
INFLUENCE OF GEOMETRIC UNCERTAINTIES ON THE ACCURACY OF CALCULATED CONSTANT OF THE PRIMARY CONDUCTIVITY CELL

This report presents a functional diagram of the Ukrainian primary standard of electrolytic conductivity (EC) and construction of primary four electrode conductivity cell with the calculated coupling constant. The equations for calculating the cell constant and budget of errors for calculating uncertainty are presented. The components of budget are: error due to the non-uniformity of the force lines of the electric field; the error due to accuracy of measurement standards and measuring instruments when determining length and diameter of the tube; the error due to manufacturing techniques of tubes and their assemblage. The article considered in details the error due to non- ideal profile of the central part of the tube.
The process of precision machining and quality control of the inner surface of the tube are complex and expensive procedures. The report gives an algorithm for measuring of length and diameter of the tube. Experimental data show that distortion of profile may be two types. The first type is deviation of the tube profile from the rectangle along the longitudinal section. The reason is the precession of the grinding tool. The second type is deviation of the profile of the tube from circumference in the cross section. The reason is the presence of wedge-shaped cracks on the inner surfaces of the work piece. The presence of deterministic component in the distortion of the profile leads to a significant increase in the standard deviation of the mean (SDM).
The paper presents two methods to reduce the standard deviation: the method of linear interpolation for compensation of the concaveness which occurs along the axis of the tube and the method of equivalent triangles to compensate deviations from the circle that occurs across the axis of the tube.

Vidosav D. Majstorovic, Slavenko M. Stojadinovic
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE BASE FOR INSPECTION PLANNING PRISMATIC PARTS ON CMM

The objective of this paper is to develop knowledge base model for inspection planning prismatic parts on CMM in digital manufacturing. The digital manufacturing is a novel approach to manufacturing in which all elements of manufacturing process are built using computer based simulation with a 3D visualization. For each element in the process (product/part, tool, fixture, machine, measuring sensor, CMM) a solid model is built and the whole manufacturing process is simulated in order to provide digital verification. Our research model is related to the CMM and its digital environment. The animation of the inspection process on CMM provides a realistic assessment and verification of the inspection process. In order to achieve so high level of integration, it is necessary to incorporate inspection planning knowledge into such a system. This paper describes a model of knowledge base as a main part of intelligent inspection system, with examples for prismatic parts (PP).

Ralf Woll, Stefan Peplowsky, Falk Steinberg, Philipp Tursch
SIX SIGMA EDUCATION FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZED ENTERPRISES

Six Sigma improvement projects are increasingly conducted in Brandenburg’s SMEs. A brief overview is given on completed projects. Brandenburg’s SMEs demand for education in this field. The conceptual structure of Six Sigma training concepts in Germany poses a problem for SMEs, due to the lack of flexibility. SME employees have to allow up to 25 days for this training, which often take place far away. The concept presented herein designs individual onsite training for the needs of regional SMEs. The complex educational content is offered in a modular form, based on the individual level of knowledge. That way a gradual completion of the training is possible without the need to schedule long absences in SMEs. The modular system takes out the “time pressure”. This is also an improvement for young professionals with families. After successful completion of a one week intensive training that can be carried out in two blocks, improvement projects are carried out on-site by the new Six Sigma specialists and are instructed by Six Sigma experts. Simultaneously, the corporate network of the Department of Quality Management, BTU Cottbus, is further developed. Network partners are those enterprises, where students conducted improvement projects over the last four years. The student teams are integrated into the training concept. In the future, they will be instructed by the SMEs Six Sigma specialists. This way, students are able to develop business contacts with regional SMEs at an early stage of their studies, contacts that are continuously expanded and reinforced with the help of the corporate network. Should, due to this practice further training needs arise, they can be met in a modularized way through so-called micro-modules. These might comprise, for example, only a few hours. The training concept can be designed individually and aims to enhance the competitiveness of regional SMEs, by means of a university knowledge transfer.

Page 468 of 977 Results 4671 - 4680 of 9762